CAT Quantitative Aptitude Questions | CAT Ratios, Mixtures, Alligations and Averages Questions

CAT Questions | Averages | Averages - Maximum

The question is from CAT Ratio and Proportions, Mixtures and Averages. We need to maximize the average based on the given details. CAT exam is known to test on basics rather than high funda ideas. A range of CAT questions can be asked from Ratios and Proportions, Mixtures, Alligations and Averages. Make sure you master the topics. 2IIMs CAT questions bank provides you with CAT questions that can help you gear for CAT Exam CAT 2019.

Question 1: Consider a class of 40 students whose average weight is 40 kgs. m new students join this class whose average weight is n kgs. If it is known that m + n = 50, what is the maximum possible average weight of the class now?

1. 40.18 kgs
2. 40.56 kgs
3. 40.67 kgs
4. 40.49 kgs

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Method of solving this CAT Question from Ratio, Mixtures and Averages: This question gives us a sense of how averages change when entities are added to or taken away from the system. One needs to learn how the system behaves without having to go through the onerous algebraic route.

If the overall average weight has to increase after the new people are added, the average weight of the new entrants has to be higher than 40.
So, n > 40

Consequently, m has to be < 10 (as n + m = 50)
Working with the “differences” approach, we know that the total additional weight added by “m” students would be (n - 40) each, above the already existing average of 40. m(n - 40) is the total extra additional weight added, which is shared amongst 40 + m students.
So, m * $$frac{$n-40$}{(m+40)}$ has to be maximum for the overall average to be maximum. At this point, use the trial and error approach$or else, go with the answer options) to arrive at the answer.

The maximum average occurs when m = 5, and n = 45

And the average is 40 + (45 – 40) * $$frac{5}{45}\\$ = 40 + $\frac{5}{9}\\$ = 40.56 kgs The question is "what is the maximum possible average weight of the class now?" Hence, the answer is "40.56 kgs". Choice B is the correct answer. Online CAT CoachingTry it free! Register in 2 easy steps and start learning in 30 seconds! Already have an Account? CAT Coaching in Chennai Next Weekend Batch Starts Sat, Mar 23rd, 2019 Best CAT Coaching in Chennai Sign up for a Free Demo of our CAT Coaching in Chennai Where is 2IIM located? 2IIM Online CAT Coaching A Fermat Education Initiative, 10-C, Kalinga Colony, Bobbili Raja Salai K.K.Nagar, Chennai. India. Pin - 600 078 How to reach 2IIM? Phone:$91) 44 4505 8484
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