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Question 31: When a constitutional challenge pits individuals against the state, the court’s task is clear: if it finds that there has been a breach by the state, it must strike down the offending law, and vindicate the rights at issue. When, however, the court is called upon to settle a battle in the culture wars, the task is fraught with greater complexity. This is because these conflicts often represent deep, long-standing and irreconcilable divisions in society, touching issues of personal belief and conviction.
The paragraph declares that the court's task is 'clear' when a constitutional challenge pits an individual against the state. However, this is not the case when it is is called upon to settle a battle in the culture wars. The penultimate line offers a reason for this: these conflicts represent deep divisions in society.
To complete the paragraph, let's consider the answer options.
Option A is easily ruled out. It restates the point made in the penultimate line about creating deeply alienated communities and the paragraph already declares battles in culture wars to be fraught with complexity.
Option C also does not seem apt, as it speaks of "the Constitution's transformative purpose" and "real questions" before the court. None of these ideas are related to the paragraph given.
Options B and D are close. B talks of how the court should "ideally" resolve battles in culture wars, whereas D explains why the court's task is fraught with complexity in these cases.
To choose between these, let's consider what the main idea of the paragraph is. The paragraph presents a contrast between a straightforward challenge ( individuals vs the state) and a more complex case (a battle in the culture wars) in relation to constitutional rights. The emphasis is not on how a battle in the culture wars should be resolved, but on why it is difficult to resolve.
Option D adds to the point made in the penultimate line about why the task before the court is challenging. So, it is better suited to complete the paragraph than B.
The question is " Choose the Sentence that completes the Paragraph "
Choice D is the correct answer.
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