CAT Questions | CAT Text Completion Questions

CAT Verbal Ability | CAT Text Completion

The following questions are from Text Completion for Verbal Ability for CAT. Text Completion questions often feature in the CAT.

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 3

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 3 - VA RC

Sentence: This reality is putting stress on employees who have to pay for transport, desk lunches, more childcare, clothing and that after-work socialisation – costs they haven't incurred for nearly two years.

Paragraph: ___(1)___. Prices are rising at their fastest rate in 40 years, consequently, return-to-office-related costs have shot up – think petrol and food, for instance. ___(2)___. Yet wages haven't kept up with inflation – even despite the salary growth many workers have enjoyed during a favourable pandemic labour market. ___(3)___. This is especially jarring for workers who were able to save during remote work, when these expenditures weren't a factor. ___(4)___. In April 2022, Umus, a London university lecturer, told BBC Worklife that they were spending nearly a quarter of what they made every day on return-to-work costs.
1. Option 2
2. Option 3
3. Option 1
4. Option 4
Choice B
Option 3

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 3

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 3 - VA RC

Sentence: Many have had to leave their homes behind, with more than 1.3 million people being displaced due to the drought.

Passage: Somalia has been dealing with an enormous humanitarian catastrophe, driven by the longest and most severe drought the country has experienced in at least 40 years. ___(1)___. Five consecutive rainy seasons have failed, causing more than 8 million people - almost half of the country's population – to experience acute food insecurity. ___(2)___. More than 43,000 people are believed to have lost their lives, with half of the lives lost likely being children under five. The damage the drought has caused is far-reaching. ___(3)___. Farmers have lost all their agricultural income, while pastoralists have lost more than 3 million livestock, impoverishing entire communities, and leaving them on the brink of famine. ___(4)___. Some, like the pastoralists, may never be able to go back as their livelihoods have been irreversibly wiped out.
1. Option 4
2. Option 3
3. Option 1
4. Option 2
Choice A
Option 4

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 3

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 3 - VA RC

Sentence: Taken outside the village of Trang Bang on June 8, 1972, the picture captured the trauma and indiscriminate violence of a conflict that claimed, by some estimates, a million or more civilian lives.

Paragraph: The horrifying photograph of children fleeing a deadly napalm attack has become a defining image not only of the Vietnam War but the 20th century. ___(1)___. Dark smoke billowing behind them, the young subjects' faces are painted with a mixture of terror, pain and confusion. ___(2)___. Soldiers from the South Vietnamese army's 25th Division follow helplessly behind. ___(3)___. The picture was officially titled "The Terror of War," but the photo is better known by the nickname given to naked 9-year-old at its centre "Napalm Girl". ___(4)___.
1. Option 4
2. Option 3
3. Option 1
4. Option 2
Choice
Option 3

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 2

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 2 - VA RC

Sentence: [T]he Europeans did not invent globalization.

Paragraph: The first phase of globalization occurred long before the introduction of either steam or electric power…Chinese consumers at all social levels consumed vast quantities of spices, fragrant woods and unusual plants. The peoples of Southeast Asia who lived in forests gave up their traditional livelihoods and completely reoriented their economies to supply Chinese consumers….___(1)___. These exchanges of the year 1000 opened some of the routes through which goods and peoples continued to travel after Columbus traversed the mid-Atlantic. ___(2)___. Yet the world of 1000 differed from that of 1492 in important ways….the travellers who encountered one another in the year 1000 were much closer technologically. ___(3)___. They changed and augmented what was already there since 1000. ___(4)___. If globalization hadn't yet begun, Europeans wouldn't have been able to penetrate the markets in so many places as quickly as they did after 1492.
1. Option 2
2. Option 1
3. Option 4
4. Option 3
Choice D
Option 3

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 2

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 2 - VA RC

Sentence: Science has officially crowned us superior to our early-rising brethren.

Paragraph: My fellow night owls, grab a strong cup of coffee and gather around: I have great news. ___(1)___. For a long time, our kind has been unfairly maligned. Stereotyped as lazy and undisciplined. Told we ought to be morning larks. Advised to go to bed early so we can wake before 5am and run a marathon before breakfast like all high-flyers seem to do. Now, however, we are having the last laugh. ___(2)___. It may be a tad more complicated than that. A study published last week, which you may have already seen while scrolling at 1am, suggests that staying up late could be good for brain power. ___(3)___. Is this study a thinly veiled PR exercise conducted by a caffeine-pill company? Nope, it's legit. ___(4)___. Research led by academics at Imperial College London studied data on more than 26,000 people and found that "self-declared 'night owls' generally tend to have higher cognitive scores".
1. Option 4
2. Option 1
3. Option 2
4. Option 3
Choice C
Option 2

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 1

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 1 - VA RC

Sentence: Understanding central Asia's role helps developments make more sense not only across Asia but in Europe, the Americas and Africa.

Paragraph: The nations of the Silk Roads are sometimes called 'developing countries', but they are actually some of the world's most highly developed countries, the very crossroads of civilization, in advanced states of disrepair. ___(1)___. These countries lie at the centre of global affairs: they have since the beginning of history. Running across the spine of Asia, they form a web of connections fanning out in every direction, routes along which pilgrims and warriors, nomads and merchants have travelled, goods and produce have been bought and sold, and ideas exchanged, adapted and refined. ___(2)___ .They have carried not only prosperity, but also death and violence, disease and disaster. ___(3)___. The Silk Roads are the world's central nervous system, connecting otherwise far-flung peoples and places…. ___(4)___. It allows us to see patterns and links, causes and effects that remain invisible if one looks only at Europe, or North America.
1. Option 1
2. Option 4
3. Option 3
4. Option 2
Choice B
Option 4

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 1

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 1 - VA RC

Sentence: The brain isn't organized the way you might set up your home office or bathroom medicine cabinet.

Paragraph: ___(1)___. You can't just put things anywhere you want to. The evolved architecture of the brain is haphazard and disjointed, and incorporates multiple systems, each of which has a mind of its own. ___(2)___. Evolution doesn't design things and it doesn't build systems—it settles on systems that, historically, conveyed a survival benefit. There is no overarching, grand planner engineering the systems so that they work harmoniously together. ___(3)___. The brain is more like a big, old house with piecemeal renovations done on every floor, and less like new construction. ___(4)___.
1. Option 1
2. Option 4
3. Option 2
4. Option 3
Choice A
Option 1

CAT VARC : CAT 2024 Question Paper Slot 1

There is a sentence that is missing in the paragraph below. Look at the paragraph and decide where (option 1, 2, 3, or 4) the following sentence would best fit.

CAT 2024 Slot 1 - VA RC

Sentence: Comprehending a wide range of emotions, Renaissance music nevertheless portrayed all emotions in a balanced and moderate fashion.

Paragraph: A volume of translated Italian madrigals were published in London during the year of 1588. This sudden public interest facilitated a surge of English Madrigal writing as well as a spurt of other secular music writing and publication. ___(1)___. This music boom lasted for thirty years and was as much a golden age of music as British literature was with Shakespeare and Queen Elizabeth I. ___(2)___. The rebirth in both literature and music originated in Italy and migrated to England; the English madrigal became more humorous and lighter in England as compared to Italy. Renaissance music was mostly polyphonic in texture. ___(3)___. Extreme use of and contrasts in dynamics, rhythm, and tone colour do not occur. ___(4)___. The rhythms in Renaissance music tend to have a smooth, soft flow instead of a sharp, well-defined pulse of accents.
1. Option 2
2. Option 4
3. Option 1
4. Option 3
Choice D
Option 3

The following questions are from Text Completion for Verbal Ability for CAT. Text Completion questions often feature in the CAT. A couple of sentences with blanks are given, along with word options for each blank. You need to choose the right combination of words that make sense in the given context. If you would like to take these questions as a Quiz, head on here to take these questions in a test format, absolutely free.

CAT Text Completion: Child Rearing

More often than not, mothers are ____________ for oddities of behavior in their offspring. ____________, single mothers’ children, raised even in the most difficult of times, do not display ‘outrageous’ patterns of behavior, as do those of nuclear families.
1. appreciated, consequently
2. berated, therefore
3. praised, in the same manner
4. blamed, interestingly enough
Choice D
blamed, interestingly enough
CAT Text Completion: Treating Depression

In measuring electrical activity in different parts of the brain, researchers found that people who describe themselves as generally happy have more activity in the left prefrontal lobe of their brains than do other people. Therefore, a medication for ____________ the left prefrontal lobe of the brain would be an ____________ treatment for clinical depression.
1. suppressing, ineffective
2. stimulating, effective
3. improving, impressive
4. challenging, practical
Choice B
stimulating, effective
CAT Text Completion: Crossed Hands

Researchers found that when people's hands were crossed to other side of their bodies, it confused the brain by ____________ the processing of information incoming from multiple regions. Lead researcher says the confusion results from a ____________ between the brain's external mapping of where it normally assumes the hands will be (on the appropriate side of the body) and its internal map of the physical source of the new pain information.
1. quickening, alignment
2. transmitting, connection
3. interrupting, misalignment
4. hindering, alignment
Choice C
interrupting, misalignment
CAT Text Completion: Race, Gender and Religion

________around race, gender and religion sometimes seems to have gone beyond ___________ in academic circles. The world would do better if we could all speak with a lighter heart more often about these things.
1. insensitivity, the pale
2. sensitivity, parody
3. sensitivity, the pale
4. insensitivity, reality
Choice B
sensitivity, parody
CAT Text Completion: Democracy

Democracy is better ___________through the ballot box than it is through the crowding of main squares, which is a _______________ image, but a misleading representation of the “people’s will”
1. focused, ineffective
2. affected, moving
3. effected, powerful
4. realized, fleeting
Choice C
effected, powerful
CAT Text Completion: Muhmud of Ghazni

______________ Muhmud of Ghazni made 17 raids of India, he did not make any_____________effort to capture India. ___________, he may be seen as the founder of Turkish rule in India to the extent that his expeditions opened India to conquest from the north-west.
1. Because, systemic, therefore
2. Although, systematic, however
3. Albeit, repeated, consequently
4. Even though, systemic, nevertheless
Choice B
Although, systematic, however
CAT Text Completion: Economic Recovery

Citing an improvement in exports and government spending, the nation’s central bank has said that an ________economic recovery is under way. However, many economists remain skeptical as to whether the economy is picking up after more than a year of ________ economic growth.
1. incipient, anaemic
2. slow, weak
3. insipient, steady
4. insipid, astounding
Choice A
incipient, anaemic
CAT Text Completion: The Hold-Out Problem

In measuring electrical activity in different parts of the brain, researchers found that people who describe themselves as generally happy have more activity in the left prefrontal lobe of their brains than do other people. Therefore, a medication for ____________ the left prefrontal lobe of the brain would be an ____________ treatment for clinical depression.
1. continuous, naive
2. separate, crafty
3. abutting, astute
4. contiguous, less shrewd
Choice D
contiguous, less shrewd
CAT Text Completion: Free Speech

Unfettered free speech is good for humanity. Defending free speech means defending speech you __________________; otherwise it’s just _________________, not principle.
1. like, dogma
2. don't like, partisanship
3. don't like, antipathy
4. like, candor
Choice B
don't like, partisanship
CAT Text Completion: Luxury

The Western culture’s relationship with luxury is ____________ from that in emerging markets.___________ great shows of ostentatious wealth are considered crass in the UK, they are de rigueur in Russia.
1. strikingly different, however
2. not different, just as
3. marginally different, whilst
4. starkly different, whereas
Choice D
starkly different, whereas
CAT Text Completion: Stone Tools

It had long been presumed that stone tool-making was a hallmark of our ______________, Homo. _______________,the recent discovery, in northwestern Kenya, of 3.3-million-year-old stone tools that are 7,00,000 years older than any other such stone tools ever found suggests it was the more ancient human ancestors who made the cognitive leap needed for crafting such implements.
1. genius, per contra
2. genius, additionally
3. genus, after all
4. genus, however
Choice D
genus, however
CAT Text Completion: Sharing Chores

Even in the____________ Nordic countries, household chores are still not evenly distributed, but at least the language is changing. When a reporter asked a young Swedish father whether he helped with the child care, she was __________________ for asking the wrong question. He did not “help”: he did his share.
1. elitist, reprimanded
2. egalitarian, rebuked
3. prejudiced, admonished
4. non partisan, condemned
Choice B
egalitarian, rebuked
CAT Text Completion: The Romans

___________ they gained control of Italy and defeated the Carthaginians, the Romans became the strongest power in the Mediterranean. They greatly benefited from the _____________ nature of Mediterranean politics, oftentimes getting help from local allies to defeat a far-off enemy.
1. though, fractious
2. after, facetious
3. once, factious
4. since, factitious
Choice C
once, factious
CAT Text Completion: The Government Shutdown

It is __________________ rhetoric that the government "shutdown" was devastating. In actuality only seventeen percent of the federal government was actually shutdown as a result of partisan _______________.
1. efficacious, discord
2. specious, disagreement
3. spurious, comity
4. facile, agreement
Choice B
specious, disagreement
CAT Text Completion: Appreciating Sport

Connoisseurs ____ sport know an uber moment when they have witnessed one. __________ greatness does not require a quorum, as the stands erupted that Friday on the Centre Court, Wimbledon welcomed with open arms Roger Federer, a player who can turn prose into poetry.
1. into, since
2. of, while
3. in, though
4. on, now
Choice B
of, while
CAT Text Completion: Concept of Justice

The belief in _______________justice is the expectation that the universe is designed to ensure that evil is punished and virtue rewarded. _______ being exclusive to traditional societies, these beliefs pervade large-scale modern societies.
1. immanent, far from
2. inherent, normally
3. imminent, besides
4. eminent, not
Choice A
immanent, far from
CAT Text Completion: The Archaeological Treasures of Paris

Archaeologists have unearthed 150 skeletons that they think may have been part of a "mass mortality crisis" like Bubonic plague beneath a Paris supermarket. The long-buried mass grave is a reminder that Paris, for all its surface grandeur, is still ___________ with undiscovered archaeological treasures, some grand, others much more __________.
1. replete, grisly
2. teeming, grizzly
3. awash, gristly
4. tempered, grizzled
Choice A
replete, grisly
CAT Text Completion: Of Borrowers and Lenders

Shakespeare’s tragedies may have drawn inspiration more from ancient Rome than Greece. Yet, in “Hamlet,” Polonius offers _____________advice: “Neither a borrower nor a lender be; for loan oft loses both itself and friend, and borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.” Greece might have saved the Eurozone some grief had it followed Polonius' __________.
1. fatuous, caution
2. germane, council
3. apposite, counsel
4. opposite, consul
Choice C
apposite, counsel
CAT Text Completion: Religion and Ideology

Religious belief is fluid and protean, _________ ideology is procrustean, enforcing uniformity. Religion can be syncretic ________ ideology is restrictive.
1. while, whereas
2. hence, but
3. similarly, yet
4. by contrast, likewise
Choice A
while, whereas
CAT Text Completion: George Orwell

One writer who has, for more than half a century, been admired for his searing honesty is George Orwell. He is never ___________, but he is never __________. He says it as it is and yet says it as it has not been said before.
1. candid, clichéd
2. recondite, trite
3. arcane, unorthodox
4. lucid, singular
Choice B
recondite, trite
CAT Text Completion: Language and Cognition

The link between language and cognition is a ___________. ___________, the manifest reality of thinking by nonlinguistic creatures argues against the importance of language.
1. can of worms, ironically
2. grey area, yet
3. elephant in the room, nevertheless
4. red herring, indeed
Choice D
red herring, indeed
CAT Text Completion: Childhood

No parent would ___________ childcare for childhood. ________, seeing the world anew through a child’s eyes can be a powerful source of stimulation.
1. mistake, still
2. reject, yet
3. conflate, however
4. opt, besides
Choice A
mistake, still
CAT Text Completion: Use of Adjectives in Reporting

Reporters are ________________ to lending color and emotion to stories. Hence their temptation to _____________ to adjectives. But adjectives convert news into views.
1. wont, resort
2. accustomed, revert
3. loath, recourse
4. averse, turn
Choice A
wont, resort
CAT Text Completion: Inflation and Growth Rates

The argument by the Finance Minister that high inflation is the necessary price for high economic growth is clearly _____________. ______________China has been growing at close to double-digit rates for more than a decade, inflation has been either low or falling through most of these years.
1. ingenious, while
2. ingenuous, after all
3. dissentious, considering
4. disingenuous, though
Choice D
disingenuous, though
CAT Text Completion: Sound Effects in Comics

Comics are in the peculiar position of needing to ______________ sounds through images, making it the only medium where the audience regularly sees sound instead of hearing it. A comic with the sound effects removed might be a significantly different reading experience, almost as though a central character had been _______________.
1. evince, purged
2. imply, excised
3. convey, revamped
4. infer, expunged
Choice B
imply, excised
CAT Text Completion: Covering Up a Shiny Pate

For as long as men have had access to mirrors, they’ve been fretting about their scalps going ____________. It was a particular obsession of Julius Caesar; the wreath of laurels he wore was less a _____________ to Roman tradition than an attempt at covering up his shiny pate.
1. barren, bow
2. barred, blow
3. bare, nod
4. bared, note
Choice C
bare, nod
CAT Text Completion: Cetus

Cetus is a very large constellation that can be readily recognized from the peculiar ____________ of its _______________ stars.
1. confirmation, predominant
2. configuration, principle
3. composition, prominent
4. conformation, principal
Choice D
conformation, principal
CAT Text Completion: Massive Agitation

________ of protesters joined the agitation and did not heed the repeated requests by the police not to ________ the barricades.
1. Hordes, breach
2. Hordes, breech
3. Hoards, breach
4. Hoards, breech
Choice A
Hordes, breach
CAT Text Completion: Newspaper Editorials

Even before newspaper editorials shrank into vestigial artifacts of a bygone era, their impact was ______________________. Editorial boards have long tended to have durable leanings which _________________ their persuasive power over partisan politics.
1. formidable, underpin
2. pronounced, subvert
3. self-limiting, undermine
4. negligible, bolster
Choice C
self-limiting, undermine
CAT Text Completion: Laughter

Laughter is a complex and __________________ social signal. People interpret laughter in a way that is _____________ with their interpretations of other people’s intentions.
1. ambiguous, consistent
2. ambivalent, compatible
3. misleading, contrary
4. misconstrued, accordant
Choice A
ambiguous, consistent
CAT Text Completion: Experiential Purchases

It's the ______________________ nature of experiential purchases that endears us to them. Often, they're not around long enough to become imperfect. And even if they are imperfect, our memories and stories of them get sweet with time. Even a bad experience becomes a _________________ story.
1. ephemeral, engaging
2. lasting, compelling
3. fleeting, good
4. enduring, disquieting
Choice C
fleeting, good
CAT Text Completion: Climate Change

In reality, most of us on this planet would rather preserve civilization than destroy it with climate change. To think of climate change as something that we are doing, instead of something we are being prevented from _____________, _______________ the very ideology of the fossil-fuel economy that we are trying to transform.
1. accomplishing, bolsters
2. undoing, perpetuates
3. revoking, counters
4. ratifying, thwarts
Choice B
undoing, perpetuates

The following questions are from IPMAT Rohtak and Indore sample papers. If you want to take these questions as a mock please click below.

IPMAT Rohtak Sample Paper Mock
IPMAT Indore Sample Paper Mock

Please note that the explanation button will take you to the IPMAT solution page.

IPMAT 2020 Sample Paper - IPM Rohtak Verbal Ability

His appearance is unsmiling but _________
1. his heart is full of compassion for others
2. he looks very serious on most occasions
3. people are afraid of him
4. he is uncompromising on matters of task performance
Choice A
his heart is full of compassion for others
IPMAT 2020 Sample Paper - IPM Rohtak Verbal Ability

In order to helpthe company attain its goal of enhancing profit, all the employees ____________
1. urged the management to grant paid leave
2. appealed the management to implement new welfare schemes
3. voluntarily offered to work overtime with lucrative compensation
4. voluntarily offered to render additional services in lieu of nothing
Choice D
voluntarily offered to render additional services in lieu of nothing
IPMAT 2020 Sample Paper - IPM Rohtak Verbal Ability

The manners and ____________ of the nouveau riche is a recurrent ____________ in the literature.
1. style, motif
2. morals, story
3. wealth, theme
4. morals, theme
Choice D
morals, theme
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

Although he is recovering from his illness, he has to follow certain diet restrictions. He cannot eat junk food. Please do not pity him and _______________
1. give him some snack
2. cut him some slack
3. be slack with his eating
4. cut down the snacks
Choice A
give him some snack
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

The problems may be difficult, but all you have to do is __________ as long as you can.
1. hang in up there
2. hang on there
3. hang on to that
4. hang in there
Choice D
hang in there
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

The standards set by the examination board are so high that it would be difficult for poorly prepared students to __________
1. pass most errors
2. past muster
3. get past most errors
4. pass muster
Choice D
pass muster
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

After all the alliances and arithmetic, the party is likely to ________ a majority in the assembly election.
1. scrape through
2. scrape together
3. tape together
4. shape together
Choice B
scrape together
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

I'll have to _________ because I don't know how Sheila's parents are going to react to this offer.
1. count on my fingers
2. face the music
3. break the ice
4. play it by ear
Choice D
play it by ear
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

If you had been more alert, this golden opportunity would not have __________
1. escaped your fingers
2. slipped off
3. escaped away
4. slipped through your fingers
Choice D
slipped through your fingers
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

One who is ____________ gets on with his job in spite of obstacles, while the one who is __________ hardly shows any progress. The latter spends all his time ___________ about his troubles.
1. artful, doubtful, speaking
2. assiduous, querulous, whining
3. hardworking, dishonest, gossiping
4. hotheaded, scared, cryingQuestion
Choice B
assiduous, querulous, whining
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

The ___________ of multiculturalism, in times of war or economic ____________ tribalism is what causes those in power to confine groups of people with different _________ into ghettos or in communes on the margins of their cities.
1. rise, doldrums, ideologies
2. tyranny, growth, habits
3. antithesis, prosperity, persuasions
4. opposite, distress, ethnicities
Choice D
opposite, distress, ethnicities
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

That the artiste went about systematically to get traditional _________ back into the mainstream __________ and a textile culture for dance is to be celebrated.
1. practices, processed
2. motifs, created
3. totems, evolved
4. stories, described
Choice B
motifs, created
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

In response to my friend's request, I decided to write her a letter, which I hoped would be honest and practical, while also serving as a _________ of sorts for my own feminist thinking. This book is a ______ of that letter, with some details changed.
1. map, version
2. chart, form
3. base, fallout
4. guide, precis
Choice A
map, version
IPMAT 2020 Question Paper - IPM Indore Verbal

Quantum Physics really begins to point to this discovery. It says that you can't have a Universe without mind __________ into it, and that the mind is actually __________ the very thing that is being
1. getting, creating, acknowledged
2. intruding, making, construed
3. entering, shaping, perceived
4. penetrating, forming, seen
Choice C
entering, shaping, perceived